Atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by systemic inflammation, persistent itching, and recurrent episodes of redness, cracking, and/or dryness of the skin. It usually begins in early childhood and presents clinically as recurrent eczematous lesions.

  • Promotes type II immune response;

  • The Th2 cells are activated to release IL-4 and IL-13;

  • The IgE class is facilitated to switch;

  • The cytokines are released by synergistic effects of Th17 and Th22 cells;

  • Further barrier damage and epidermal hyperplasia.


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Howell MD, et al., Front Immunol. 2019; 10:2342


Atopic dermatitis animal model


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